2026 - АМПС
2026 - АМПС
Питань: 40
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Питання 1 з 40
Питання 1
Transcription is the reaction of template synthesis, where mRNA is synthesized on DNA templates. What are its stages?
Питання 2
A 35-year-old woman presents with impaired function of her neck muscles that are located below the hyoid bone. What nerve structure is affected in this case?
Питання 3
A 34-year-old man complains of fever, shortness of breath, and pain in his chest on the right. Pleural puncture produced 700 mL of creamy yellowish-green fluid. What pathological condition is it?
Питання 4
A 38-year-old woman complains of constant thirst, frequent urination, decreased appetite, and headache. Complete urinalysis results: clear colorless urine, mildly acidic reaction, no glucose, 24-hour diuresis reaches 12 liters. What hormone is deficient in this case, causing this pathological condition?
Питання 5
A cytochrome oxidase blocker was given to a test animal, causing its instant death. What chemical substance can cause these changes?
Питання 6
During the first year of life, children have a pulse that ranges from 110/min to 170/min. What physiological characteristic causes such a heart rate in children?
Питання 7
When examining the patient's oral cavity, the dentist observes inflammation of the papillae located in front of the terminal sulcus of the tongue. What papillae are inflamed in this case?
Питання 8
A 47-year-old man was brought to the hospital unconscious after carbon monoxide poisoning. What hemoglobin compound has caused the patient's hypoxia in this case?
Питання 9
Microscopy of the convoluted testicular tubules allows identifying there cells that undergo meiosis. What phase of spermatogenesis is it?
Питання 10
A 45-year-old woman presents with general weakness, lack of appetite, pain along the nerves, and paralysis of both legs. For a long time, her diet was mostly consisting of polished rice. What vitamin is deficient in this case, causing this pathological condition?
Питання 11
When examining the biopsy material obtained from the oral mucosa of a 30-year-old woman, the pathologist made the diagnosis of leukoplakia. What type of dystrophy is observed in this pathology?
Питання 12
A woman was diagnosed with doctor performed a surgery on her right-sided purulent parotitis. The noticed asymmetry of her face and parotid gland, after which the patient drooping of her upper eyelid and right angle of her mouth. What nerve has been damaged by the doctor in this case?
Питання 13
A patient in a state of shock has been admitted to the intensive care unit. What route of drug administration should be chosen in this case?
Питання 14
Removal of gastric pylorus can result in anemia. What causes this pathological condition in such cases?
Питання 15
What specific phase of action potential is characteristic of typical cardiomyocytes?
Питання 16
Examination of an 11-year-old girl detects a significant increase in her eosinophil count per unit volume of blood. What is the most common cause of eosinophilia in children?
Питання 17
In a person with a gunshot wound, the bullet has pierced a skull bone near the mental foramen. What bone is damaged in this case?
Питання 18
A 40-year-old man was administered lidocaine solution, when undergoing treatment of pulpitis. A few minutes later, the patient developed tachycardia and a sharp drop in his blood pressure. What pathological condition has occurred in this case?
Питання 19
Preventive examination of a 9- year-old girl has revealed one matte white spot (chalk-like and lacking its natural luster) on the enamel of her tooth 21 in its pericervical region on the vestibular surface. The girl has no subjective complaints. What is the most likely diagnosis in this case?
Питання 20
The liquidator of the consequences of the accident at the Chornobyl Nuclear Power Plant has received an ionizing radiation dose of 6 Gray. What changes can be expected in his leukocyte formula 10 days later?
Питання 21
A person, who came to a hospital with complaints of diarrhea, was diagnosed with amoebiasis and prescribed tetracycline as a part of complex treatment. What is the type of action of this medicine?
Питання 22
During an appointment with the dentist, the blood pressure of a 67- year-old woman suddenly increased to 180/120mm Hg. The doctor gave the patient a few drops of a calcium channel blocker sublingually and 5 minutes later her blood pressure normalized. Name this drug.
Питання 23
A 45-year-old woman has been suffering from mild form of systemic lupus erythematosus for the past several years. As her disease progressed, she was prescribed prednisolone as an immunosuppressant. After two months of treatment, the patient developed gastric bleeding. What is the most likely cause of the bleeding in this case?
Питання 24
During examination of a 25-year- old woman, the ophthalmologist notes that her eyes exhibit an increased adaptation time darkness. What vitamin is most likely to be deficient in this case, causing this pathological condition?
Питання 25
After a long course of treatment with sulfonamides, the patient developed macrocytic anemia, where formation of active forms of a certain vitamin becomes impaired. Name this vitamin.
Питання 26
A 47-year-old man developed persistent pupil dilation after administering atropine drops. What muscle is blocked in this case?
Питання 27
Acetylsalicylic acid blocks the synthesis of prostaglandins because it is an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase. What fatty acid cannot be used in the synthesis of prostaglandins in this case?
Питання 28
A section of a multi-rooted tooth shows a certain tissue that is located at the apices of the dental roots and at the site of their furcation. This tissue contains cells with processes, located in the lacunae, and numerous collagen fibers arranged radially or longitudinally. Name this tissue.
Питання 29
A 30-year-old woman diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus developed dry mouth. Histology of the biopsy material obtained from her salivary glands revealed signs of chronic sialadenitis with significant lymphocytic infiltration of the stroma and parenchymal atrophy with proliferation of the connective tissue. What pathological condition has developed in the patient?
Питання 30
Because of a malignant tumor on the tongue, the patient has been referred for its surgical removal. Where is it easy to find the lingual artery and ligate it?
Питання 31
Stool bacteriology of a person, who works as chef at restaurant and exhibits no clinical manifestations of the disease, resulted in growth of small colonies with a metallic sheen on a bismuth sulfite agar. What microorganisms are most likely in this case?
Питання 32
Name the components of parodontium.
Питання 33
Cultured skin fibroblasts of a child with Down syndrome contain 47 chromosomes. What type of anomaly is it?
Питання 34
A 46-year-old man has been hospitalized to the infectious diseases unit of a hospital with the diagnosis of trichinosis. What food could have caused this disease?
Питання 35
Examination of the lung tissue of deceased 78-year- a old man, diagnosed with chronic cardiovascular failure, detects macrophages with a brown pigment in the alveoli, which indicates impaired metabolism of a certain pigment. Name this pigment.
Питання 36
A patient diagnosed with elevated basal metabolic rate has made an appointment with a general practitioner. What gland is most likely to be hyperfunctional in this case, causing this health condition?
Питання 37
A 42-year-old man complains of severe general weakness, significant weight loss, and frequent fungal infections of the oral cavity. He has history of recurrent herpes. Immunological testing reveals critically low levels of CD4+ T-lymphocytes (180 cells/mcL) in his peripheral blood. What disease can be characterized by such changes?
Питання 38
When exposed to ultraviolet radiation, the skin darkens after a while, because ultraviolet radiation activates the synthesis of a certain substance in pigment cells. Name this substance.
Питання 39
A 74-year-old woman developed intestinal paresis after undergoing nephrectomy. What anticholinesterase cholinergic agent should she be prescribed?
Питання 40
A baby presents with a delay in eruption of the first teeth. What vitamin is deficient in this baby?